1856: Pre-human remains are found in the Neanderthal valley in Germany.
Jan 1856: Queen Victoria institutes the Victoria Cross.
Apr 1856: At a public meeting in Melbourne, Dr Thomas Embling repeated the slogan "eight hours labour, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest".
2
1857
1857: In Victoria, Australia one adult male in 7 is Chinese.
Mar 1857: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Blacks are not citizens and slaves can not sue for freedom, driving the country further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the 14th Amendment in 1868).
Dec 1857: Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, Ontario as the capital of Canada.
3
1858
11 Feb 1858: The Virgin Mary is said to have appeared to St Bernadette of Lourdes.
Aug 1858: The first claimed Australian rules football match is held between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College.