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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1760 | - 22 Aug 1760: Pope Leo XII (d. 1829) is born.
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| 2 | 1761 | - 1761: George III of the United Kingdom and Queen Charlotte are crowned.
- 1 Sep 1761: Five year old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart gives his first public appearance at the Salzburg university.
- 20 Nov 1761: Pope Pius VIII (d. 1850) is born.
- 1 Dec 1761: Marie Tussaud, French wax modeller (d. 1850) is born.
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| 3 | 1762 | - 5 Feb 1762: The Great Holocaust (1762) of the Sikhs is carried out by the forces of Ahmed Shah Abdali in Punjab. In all, over 500,000 men, women and children perish in this campaign of slaughter.
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| 4 | 1763 | - 10 Feb 1763: French and Indian War: The 1763 Treaty of Paris ends the war and France cedes Canada to Great Britain.
- 15 Feb 1763: The Treaty of Hubertusburg puts an end to the Seven Years' War between Prussia and Austria and their allies.
- 23 Feb 1763: The Berbice Slave Uprising starts in the former Dutch colony of Berbice (British Ghana).
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| 5 | 1764 | - 1764: Jozef II wordt in Frankfurt tot Rooms-Duits koning gekozen.
- 19 Jan 1764: John Wilkes is expelled from the United Kingdom House of Commons for seditious libel
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| 6 | 1765 | - 1765: The first true restaurant opens in Paris, where a tavern-keeper named Boulanger sells cooked dishes at an all-night place on the Rue Bailleul.
- 1765: James Watt supersedes the 1705 Newcomen engine with the more effective Watt steam engine.
- 18 Sep 1765: Pope Gregory XVI (d. 1837) is born.
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| 7 | 1766 | - 1766: American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act which is very unpopular in the British colonies. The persuasion of Benjamin Franklin is considered partly responsible. The Declaratory Act asserts the right of Britain to bind the colonies in all other respects
- 30 May 1766: Robert Darwin, medical doctor and father of Charles Darwin (d. 1848) is born.
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| 8 | 1767 | - 1767: Mozart completes his first true opera, Apollo et Hyacinthus.
- 1767: Kunta Kinte, ancestor of author Alex Haley (Roots), arrives in Annapolis, Maryland on board a slave ship.
- 1767: Jan Nijhuis(Niehuis) is born in Weerselo, Dinkelland, Overijssel, Nederland.
- 1 Jan 1767: The Nautical Almanac for the first time gives mariners the means to find their longitude while at sea, using tables of lunar distances.
- 15 Mar 1767: Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States (d. 1845) is born.
- 18 Jun 1767: Samuel Wallis, an English sea captain, sights Tahiti and is considered the first European to reach the island.
- 23 Aug 1767: Mannes Stegehuis is born in Ambt Almelo, Overijssel, Nederland.
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| 9 | 1768 | - 1768: The first of the weekly numbers of the Encyclopædia Britannica are published; 100 are planned.
- 7 Jan 1768: Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples and Spain (d. 1844) is born.
- 9 Jan 1768: Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses (London).
- 8 Aug 1768: James Cook departs Plymouth on his first voyage of discovery.
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| 10 | 1769 | - 1769: Charles III of Spain sends Spanish missionaries, who found California missions in San Diego, Santa Barbara, San Francisco and Monterey and begin the settlement of California.
- 1769: James Watt demonstrates the first practical steam engine, an invention which inaugurates the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain
- 1769: Famine in Bengal kills 10 million people, a third of the population, in the worst natural disaster in human history (in terms of lives lost).
- 19 May 1769: Pope Clement XIV succeeds Pope Clement XIII as the 249th pope.
- 15 Aug 1769: Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French (d. 1821) is born.
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| 11 | 1770 | - 5 Mar 1770: Boston Massacre: Five Americans are shot by British troops in an event that helps start the American Revolutionary War 5 years later.
- Apr 1770: James Cook drops anchor in a wide bay about 10 miles south of the present city of Sydney, Australia. Because the young botanist on board the ship, Joseph Banks discovers 30,000 specimens of plant life in the bay, 1,600 of them unknown to European science, James Cook calls the place Botany Bay.
- 16 May 1770: Marie Antoinette (14 years old) marries Louis-Auguste (who later becomes Louis XVI King of France).
- 15 Dec 1770: Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (d. 1827) is born.
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| 12 | 1771 | - 14 May 1771: Thomas Wedgwood, son of potter Josiah Wedgwood (d. 1805) is born.
- 3 Aug 1771: King Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1840) is born.
- 8 Aug 1771: The first recorded town cricket match is played at Horsham; the Horsham Cricket Club is later formed.
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| 13 | 1772 | - 24 Jul 1772: Willem I, king of the Netherlands is born.
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| 14 | 1773 | - 10 Oct 1773: Daniel Boone leads the first attempt by British colonists to establish a settlement in Kentucky, but is turned back in an attack by American Indians in which his son is killed.
- 16 Dec 1773: Boston Tea Party: A group of Americans, dressed as Mohawk Indians, steal aboard ships of the British East India Company and dump their cargo of tea into Boston Harbor.
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| 15 | 1774 | - 16 Mar 1774: Captain Matthew Flinders, English explorer (d. 1814) is born.
- 3 Sep 1774: Willem François Boreel, Dutch soldier, is born
- 21 Sep 1774: George Mason and George Washington found the Fairfax County Militia Association, a military unit independent of British control.
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| 16 | 1775 | - 22 Jan 1775: André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (d. 1836) is born.
- 19 Feb 1775: American Revolution: The Parliament of Great Britain declares Massachusetts in rebellion.
- 14 Jun 1775: The Continental Congress names George Washington as commander of the Continental Army.
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| 17 | 1776 | - 4 Jul 1776: The Continental Congress approves the final wording of the United States Declaration of Independence and arranges for it to be published.
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| 18 | 1777 | - 1777: The 2nd edition of Encyclopædia Britannica is published.
- 14 Jun 1777: The Stars and Stripes is adopted by the Continental Congress as the Flag of the United States.
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| 19 | 1778 | - 26 Nov 1778: In the Hawaiian Islands, Capt. James Cook becomes the first European to land on Maui.
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| 20 | 1779 | - 1779: The Iron Bridge is completed across the River Severn in Shropshire (the first all cast-iron bridge ever constructed).
- 14 Feb 1779: Captain James Cook dies on the Sandwich Islands on his third and last voyage.
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| 21 | 1781 | - 1781: Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovers tungsten
- 13 Mar 1781: Sir William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. Originally he calls it Georgium Sidus (George's Star) in honour of King George III of England.
- 9 Jun 1781: George Stephenson, English inventor of the Steam locomotieve is born..
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| 22 | 1783 | - Jun 1783: The Montgolfier brothers publicly demonstrate their montgolfière (hot air balloon) in Annonay, France.
- 8 Jun 1783: The volcano Laki, in Iceland, begins an 8-month eruption which kills 9,350 people and starts a 7-year famine. The eruption causes deaths of livestock when they eat contaminated grass and also widespread crop failure.
June: French balloon montgolfière.Effects of the Laki volcano were felt all over Europe. New evidence has been unearthed to conclude that this was one of "the greatest environmental catastrophies in European History".
- 3 Sep 1783: American Revolutionary War - Treaty of Paris: A treaty between the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain is signed in Paris, ending the war.
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| 23 | 1784 | - 1784: John Wesley charters the Methodist Church.
- 1784: The Turks agree to Russia's annexation of the Crimea in the Treaty of Constantinople
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| 24 | 1785 | - 1785: Coal gas is first used for illumination
- 1785: The first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London.
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| 25 | 1786 | - 1786: The first ship leaves Britain for Botany Bay, Australia: 820 out of 1,138 aboard are convicts
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| 26 | 1787 | - May 1787: Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England with 11 ships packed with 1,000 convicts amd their jailers to establish a penal colony in Australia.
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| 27 | 1788 | - 1788: Construction begins on the Brandenburger Tor in Berlijn.
- 26 Jan 1788: Australia Day: Eleven ships of the First Fleet from Botany Bay, led by Arthur Phillip, land in what will become Sydney, Australia. Great Britain establishes the prison colony of New South Wales, the first permanent European settlement on the continent.
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| 28 | 1789 | - 1789: The French Revolution (1789-1799) begins: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. In rural areas, peasants attack noble manors.
- Jan 1789: Mutiny on the Bounty: Fletcher Christian leads the mutiny on HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh
- Apr 1789: George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, beginning his term as the first President of the United States
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| 29 | 1791 | - 1791: Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris
- 5 Dec 1791: Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies.
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| 30 | 1792 | - 16 Mar 1792: King Gustav III of Sweden is shot in the back by Jacob Johan Anckarström at a midnight masquerade at the Royal Opera in Stockholm; he lives until March 29, and is succeeded by Gustav IV Adolf
- 20 Apr 1792: France declares war against Austria
- 21 Sep 1792: The French Convention abolishes the monarchy and establishes the First Republic.
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| 31 | 1793 | - 1793: Claude Chappe presents his semaphore in France; 15 stations are built within a year.
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| 32 | 1794 | - 1794: The battle of Fleurus: The French army recaptures the Austrian Netherlands. This marks the beginning of a French period in Belgium.
- 1794: France occupies Aachen.
- 5 Oct 1794: Hendrikus Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel, Nederland. In 1835 he married Johanna Maria Hollinck.
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| 33 | 1795 | - Jan 1795: The French ocupy Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Jan 1795: The Dutch fleet, frozen in IJsselmeer, is captured by the French 8th Hussards at Den Helder.
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| 34 | 1796 | - 1796: Annual British iron production reaches 125,000 tons
- Jan 1796: The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic (the next Dutch general elections are held in 1888).
- May 1796: Edward Jenner administers the first smallpox vaccination
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| 35 | 1797 | - Jan 1797: London haberdasher John Hetherington wears a silk top hat in public and attracts a large crowd of onlookers. He is later fined £500 for causing a public nuisance
- 30 Jan 1797: Joanna Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel, Nederland. In 1834 she married Joannis Kamerinck (Kamerling).
- Mar 1797: John Adams succeeds George Washington as the President of the United States of America.
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| 36 | 1798 | - 1798: Alessandro Volta discovers electricity
- Jan 1798: A coup d'état is staged in the Netherlands (Batavian Republic). Unitarian Democrat Pieter Vreede makes an end to the power of the parliament (with a conservative-moderate majority).
- May 1798: Irish nationalists known as the Society of United Irishmen launch a bloody failed rebellion against British occupation with some support from France. The United Irishmen are unique amongst Irish nationalist movements in that they manage to unify Catholics and Protestants around republican ideals (the rebellion is quashed in October).
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| 37 | 1799 | - 1799: Dutch government takes over Dutch East India Company
- 17 Sep 1799: Gerhard Heinrich Diek is born in Deutschland.
- 17 Sep 1799: Gerhard Heinrich Diek is born.
- 16 Oct 1799: Hermannus Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel, Nederland.
- Dec 1799: George Washington, the first President of the United States, dies in Mount Vernon, Virginia.
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| 38 | 1800 | - 1800: World population was nearing 1 billion people, at 978 million. The 1 billion milestone will not be accomplished until 2 years later, in 1802. The population distribution by region:
Africa: 107,000,000
Asia: 635,000,000
China:300-400,000,000
Europe: 203,000,000
Latin-America: 24,000,000
Northern America: 7,000,000
- 1800: Electrolysis of water is discovered by Anthony Carlisle and William Nicholson by passing a voltaic current through water, generating hydrogen and oxygen.
- Mar 1800: Alessandro Volta describes his new invention, the voltaic pile, the first chemical battery, in a letter to the Royal Society
- Dec 1800: An assault on Napoleon Bonaparte fails in Paris
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| 39 | 1801 | - Jan 1801: The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
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| 40 | 1802 | - 1802: Marie Tussaud opens her famous wax museum in London, having been commissioned during the Reign of Terror to make death masks of the victims
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| 41 | 1803 | - 1803: Major breakthroughs in chemistry occur, with the identification of the elements Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium, and Cerium
- Feb 1803: The invention of the telegraph by Claude Chappe, one of Napolean's officers.
- Jul 1803: The wagonway between Wandsworth and Croydon is opened, being the first public railway line of the world
- 16 Oct 1803: Wilhelmina Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel, Nederland.
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| 42 | 1804 | - 1804: Morphine is first isolated from opium by the German pharmacist, Friedrich Sertürner
- 1804: Matthew Flinders recommends that New Holland be renamed Australia (from the Latin "australis" meaning "of the south").
- Feb 1804: The Cornishman Richard Trevithick's newly-built Penydarren steam locomotive operates on the Merthyr Tramroad between Penydarren in Merthyr Tydfil and Abercynon in South Wales, following several trials since February 13, the world's first locomotive to work on rails
- May 1804: Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of the French by the French Senate.
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| 43 | 1805 | - 1805: James Squire becomes the first person in Australia to cultivate Hops.
- 2 Apr 1805: Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer (d. 1875) is born.
- Jun 1805: The first Trooping the Colour ceremony is held at the Horse Guards Parade in London
- Oct 1805: Battle of Trafalgar: British naval fleet led by Admiral Horatio Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain; however, Admiral Nelson is fatally shot.
- 7 Nov 1805: Hermina Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel, Nederland.
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| 44 | 1808 | - Jan 1808: The importation of slaves into the United States is banned; this is also the earliest day under the United States Constitution that an amendment can be made restricting slavery.
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| 45 | 1811 | - 1811: British Regency: George, Prince of Wales becomes Prince Regent because of the perceived insanity of his father, King George III of the United Kingdom.
- 8 Jan 1811: Joannes Nijhuis is born in Borne, Overijssel Nederland.
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| 46 | 1814 | - 1814: The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 is signed
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| 47 | 1815 | - 1815: Willem I becomes King of the Netherlands.
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| 48 | 1816 | - 1816: Known as the "Year Without A Summer" in the northern hemisphere due to global cooling caused by the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption that had occurred in 1815.
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| 49 | 1819 | - 1819: Walter Scott writes his historical novel Ivanhoe.
- Mar 1819: The SS Savannah leaves port at Savannah, Georgia on a voyage to become the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The ship arrives at Liverpool, England on June 20.
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1760 - 1820 (60 years)
